Triage of Persons With Tuberculosis Symptoms Using Artificial Intelligence–Based Chest Radiograph Interpretation: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

We simulated a cohort reflecting the population who participated in the field study in Karachi. Compared to upfront GeneXpert, AI-based triage strategies lowered projected costs by 37%, from $34346 and averted 4% additional DALYs, from 369 DALYs. In lower-resource settings, the addition of AI-based CXR triage before microbiologic testing for persons with possible TB symptoms can reduce costs, avert additional DALYs, and improve TB detection.