The 517 CXRs included were deemed abnormal by the three CAD with a sensitivity of respectively 97% (95% CI 95–98), 94% (95% CI 91–95), and 87% (95% CI 84–90) for INSIGHT CXR, qXR, and DrAID. The CAD generally detected abnormalities in patients with critical diagnoses such as lung cancer or heart failure. Performance for detecting other abnormalities was variable.
This study showed that the three CAD tools identified CXRs as abnormal when diseases other than TB were present. Our findings alleviate ethical concerns of missing abnormalities other than TB when using commercially available CAD for TB screening and show their potential broader applicability.
